Home Blog
Medieval Chronicles and Their Limits
A very large number of chronicles were written during the Middle Ages. Most of them were created in monasteries by monks who spent long...
The Rise of Representation
Those who have the power to give money, or to refuse it, will sooner or later begin to ask an important question: why are...
Rise of Municipal Freedom
In early European history, many towns and cities began to gain a degree of independence. Although the people still accepted the authority of their...
“I Stand at the Door and Knock” (Revelation 3:14–22)
In the Book of Revelation, we read these famous words: “Behold, I stand at the door and knock. If anyone hears my voice and...
From Prosperity to Decline
After the Roman and Byzantine periods, Laodicea slowly lost its importance. The city became a battleground between different powers. Byzantine armies fought to defend...
Trade Water and Growth
Although Laodicea did not receive as much financial support from Roman emperors as some of the rival coastal cities, it still became rich and...
The Hittite Relief near Sardis
Near ancient Sardis, a remarkable Hittite rock relief dates to the fourteenth century BCE. This relief shows a standing male figure holding a spear....
Christian Remains from Thyateira
The other remains connected with the Christian history of Thyateira are today displayed in the Manisa Archaeological Museum. These objects are modest in number,...
Those Who Remained Faithful
Despite the serious problems described in the letter to the church in Thyateira, St John makes it clear that not all believers had given...
The Hebdomon as a Place of Rest and Transition
Several examples have already shown how the Hebdomon was used as a resting place before entering or leaving Constantinople. Earlier, we noted how Theodosius...
